PRE is a superior, next level formulation that delivers unparalleled results, raising the standard for all pre-workout supplements. No proprietary blends, energy matrixes, or false promises, know exactly what is going into your body. PRE is scientifically engineered to give you the correct amount of the highest quality ingredients for the ultimate pre-workout fuel. This potent combination of ingredients helps to optimize metabolic performance while achieving exceptional taste. PRE is designed to drastically increase energy, strength, muscle endurance, and mental focus to help maximize performance.

40 servings
Extreme energy, focus, and strength
Scientifically dosed ingredients for highest effectiveness

DIRECTIONS:

Mix one scoop of PRE with 8-10 oz. of cold water and drink 20-30 minutes prior to exercise. For the experienced user who is looking for the maximum effect of PRE, take 1 additional scoop. DO NOT exceed 2 scoops per 24 hours. Always remain hydrated during any physical activities.

WARNINGS:

Do not use this product if you are under the age of 18, pregnant or nursing, have any pre-existing medical conditions or are sensitive to caffeine. Consult your physician if you are taking any OTC or prescription medications. Do not exceed recommended dosage or take any additional sources of caffeine. Keep out of reach of children.

BREAKDOWN OF INGREDIENTS:

Niacin(25mg)

Also known as vitamin B3, niacin increases energy by assisting in the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, through its conversion into key energy-regulating molecules, NAD and NADP+. Niacin also improves overall metabolism⁹.
Vitamin B-6 (20mg)

Vitamin B6 is required in countless bodily functions for overall health⁸. Vitamin B6 is a key component in the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen through the bloodstream, and, similarly to B12, it is therefore required to deliver oxygen to muscles and the brain. It also supports adrenal function.
Vitamin B-12 (20mg)

Vitamin B12 is integral in red blood cell formation, and is therefore required for efficient delivery of oxygen to blood, brain and muscles, enhancing overall physical and mental endurance. It is also critical for proper neurological function, and contributes to enhanced cognition, memory, and positive mood⁷.
L-Citrulline Malate 2:1 (3000mg)

L-Citrulline is a non-essential amino acid that can increase nitric oxide production by replenishing depleted arginine, resulting in enhanced blood flow. By increasing blood flow, citrulline improves endurance and helps rebuild muscle tissue and speeds up recovery time between workouts³.
Creatine Monohydrate (2500mg)

Creatine is essential to on-demand ATP generation, producing energy when called upon by the body during times of intense physical stress. Creatine also aids in protein synthesis to help build and repair muscle². Creatine also reduces mental fatigue.
Beta Alanine (1250mg)

A non-essential amino acid, B-alanine is an indispensable buffer for lactic acid neutralization in muscles, increasing muscle performance in shorter, intense workouts¹. It enhances muscular endurance, reduces muscular and mental fatigue, and increases overall muscular work output. It can also aid in lean mass gain.
Taurine (500mg)

Taurine promotes mental focus, decreases anxiety, and supports energy levels. It is an essential antioxidant and improves cardiovascular health by lowering blood cholesterol and fat, and regulating blood pressure. It promotes salt and water balance within the body, and is necessary for optimal muscle function and protein metabolism¹³.
N-Acetyl-L-Tyrosine (250mg)

N-Acetyl-L-tyrosine (NALT) is a modified, more soluble version of L-tyrosine that exhibits increased absorption in the body and brain. NALT directly aids in cognitive processes, stress relief, and mental focus as well as improved energy and mood pre- and post-workout⁴.
Caffeine Anhydrous (200mg)

Caffeine is a natural stimulant that is the main pre-workout energy-boosting ingredient, while also enhancing mental focus. Caffeine also aids in burning fat by increasing overall metabolism⁵.
Betaine Anhydrous (20mg)

A component of beetroot, betaine helps improve muscle size and strength by naturally enhancing creatine production. It can also help limit muscular fatigue by depleting lactic acid, and also leads to improved mood through multiple neurological effects⁶.
Alpha GPC (300mg)

Alpha glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC) is a natural choline found in the brain that helps improve cognition, focus and mood by generating the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Studies have also shown Alpha GPC to increase fat burning, power output, and growth hormone generation during exercise, through increased acetylcholine¹¹.
L-Theanine (100mg)

Commonly found in green tea, L-theanine is non-essential amino acid that has been appreciated for its mental and physical calming effects. When combined with caffeine, theanine synergistically supports focus and concentration while increasing feelings of happiness¹⁰, and balances potential undesirable effects of caffeine, such as shakiness or jitteriness.
Rhodiola Rosea Root Extract (80mg)

A naturally occurring herb, rhodiola rosea improves cognitive performance and reduces both mental and physical fatigue and exhaustion, preventing the “crash” or “burnout” feeling during prolonged workouts, thereby enhancing endurance¹².
Bioperine® Black Pepper Fruit Extract (5mg)

BioPerine® acts as an absorption enhancer, which helps increase the bioavailability and effects of all ingredients when ingested together¹⁴

REFERENCES:

1. Derave, W., et al., beta-Alanine supplementation augments muscle carnosine content and attenuates fatigue during repeated isokinetic contraction bouts in trained sprinters. J Appl Physiol (1985), 2007. 103(5): p. 1736-43.
2. Wallimann, T., M. Tokarska-Schlattner, and U. Schlattner, The creatine kinase system and pleiotropic effects of creatine. Amino Acids, 2011. 40(5): p. 1271-1296.
3. Bendahan, D., et al., Citrulline/malate promotes aerobic energy production in human exercising muscle. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2002. 36(4): p. 282-289.
4. Deijen, J.B., et al., Tyrosine improves cognitive performance and reduces blood pressure in cadets after one week of a combat training course. Brain Research Bulletin, 1999. 48(2): p. 203-209.
5. Pesta, D.H., et al., The effects of caffeine, nicotine, ethanol, and tetrahydrocannabinol on exercise performance. Nutrition & Metabolism, 2013. 10: p. 71-71.
6. Trepanowski, J.F., et al., The Effects of Chronic Betaine Supplementation on Exercise Performance, Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Saturation and Associated Biochemical Parameters in Resistance Trained Men. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 2011. 25(12): p. 3461-3471.
7. Yamada, K., Cobalt: Its Role in Health and Disease, in Interrelations between Essential Metal Ions and Human Diseases, A. Sigel, H. Sigel, and K.O.R. Sigel, Editors. 2013, Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht. p. 295-320.
8. Ink, S.L. and L.M. Henderson, Vitamin B6 Metabolism. Annual Review of Nutrition, 1984. 4(1): p. 455-470.
9. Ames, B.N., A role for supplements in optimizing health: the metabolic tune-up. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2004. 423(1): p. 227-234.
10. Food and nutrition: Distracted? Tea might help you focus. Science News, 2007. 172(13): p. 206-206.
11. Kawamura, T., et al., Glycerophosphocholine enhances growth hormone secretion and fat oxidation in young adults. Nutrition. 28(11): p. 1122-1126.
12. Darbinyan, V., et al., Rhodiola rosea in stress induced fatigue — A double blind cross-over study of a standardized extract SHR-5 with a repeated low-dose regimen on the mental performance of healthy physicians during night duty. Phytomedicine, 2000. 7(5): p. 365-371.
13. Zhang, M., et al., Role of taurine supplementation to prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress in healthy young men. Amino Acids, 2004. 26(2): p. 203-207.
14. Bhardwaj, R.K., et al., Piperine, a Major Constituent of Black Pepper, Inhibits Human P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2002. 302(2): p. 645-650.

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